自考本科00015英語(yǔ)二考試必考考點(diǎn)：定語(yǔ)從句（九）

以下是湖南自考生網(wǎng)為考生收集、整理的自考本科00015自考英語(yǔ)二考試必考考點(diǎn)：定語(yǔ)從句

學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

（１）定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的一致性

定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞一般應(yīng)與它所指代的先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持主謂一致。例如：

The students who were here just now are from No,2 Senior Middle School.

但注意下列一組句子：

He is the only one of the students who was here just now.

He is one of the students who were here just now.

如果"one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞"后跟有定語(yǔ)從句，一般情況下"one of"后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞為先行詞，但當(dāng)one前有the only,the very,just the修飾時(shí)，先行詞則為one。

（２）定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)

It is the place where they lived before

It is in the place that they lived before

第一個(gè)句子為定語(yǔ)從句，where指代the place,在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)句子為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)in the place,that沒(méi)有意義，把in the place放回后面句子，句子意思完整。

Where is it that he found the lost watch?(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)疑問(wèn)副詞where)。

Where is the watch that he found yesterday.(定語(yǔ)從句，that指代the watch)

（３）定語(yǔ)從句與并列結(jié)構(gòu)

He has two sons,neither of whom looks like him.

He has two sons,and neither of them looks like him.

I've got two sisters.Both of them are in Shanghai.

第一個(gè)句子為定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞whom指代two sons,在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。第二個(gè)句子為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，由并列連詞and連接，人稱代詞them指代two sons。第三個(gè)為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，兩個(gè)句子中間用句號(hào)，兩句開頭的處一個(gè)字母都大寫。

（４）定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句

He found the books where he had put.

He found the books in the place where he had put

第一個(gè)句子為狀語(yǔ)從句，where he had put作主句He found the books的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。第二個(gè)句子為定語(yǔ)從句，where引導(dǎo)從句修飾the place。

This is such an interesting book that I'd like to read it.

This is such an interesting book as I'd like to read.

第一個(gè)句子為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，在結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，it指代book,作read的賓語(yǔ)。第二個(gè)句子為定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞as指代先行詞book的定語(yǔ)從句中read的賓語(yǔ)。

（５）定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞

Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?

Is this the book that you bought yesterday?

第一個(gè)句子中，this book是主句的主語(yǔ)，the one是先行詞。在第二個(gè)句子中this是主句的主語(yǔ)，the book是先行詞。一定要避免出現(xiàn)：Is this book that you bought yesterday?

（６）定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于形容詞，它對(duì)先行詞起修飾、描述或限制作用，而同位語(yǔ)從句則相當(dāng)于名詞，它對(duì)其前面的詞給予說(shuō)明或作進(jìn)一步解釋，即說(shuō)明該詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。例如：

The news that we heard is not true.(定語(yǔ)從句)

The news that he won the prize is not true.(同位語(yǔ)從句)

另：在"have no idea+從句"結(jié)構(gòu)中，其從句都作idea的同位語(yǔ)。例如：

I have no idea when she will be back

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