自考本科：2012年10月00015英語（二）歷年真題及答案

以下自考本科：2012年10月00015英語（二）歷年真題及答案歷年真題及答案由湖南自考生網(wǎng)88pqcp.com為考生收集、整理。更多真題及答案可查看本網(wǎng)站“歷年真題”欄目。

全國2012年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試

英語(二)試卷

(代碼：0001521日下午考)

本試卷分兩部分，滿分100分，考試時(shí)間150分鐘。

1．第一部分為選擇題，應(yīng)考者必須在“答題卷”的選擇題答題區(qū)按要求填涂作答；

2．第二部分為非選擇題，應(yīng)考者必須在“答題卷”的非選擇題答題區(qū)作答，不能答在試卷上；

3．全部題目必須用英文作答(英譯漢題目除外)；

4．請按照試卷的題號順序在相應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。

PART  ONE  (50 POINTS)

Ⅰ．  Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，l point each)

    從下列各句后的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中選出一個(gè)能填入句中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

1．Skillful farmingthem to support a large population．   （A）

A．enabledB．forcedC．a(chǎn)uthorized     D．required

  2．The findings of the survey went contrary   what was expected．（D）

A．in     B．on    C．forD．to

    3．James refused to be    about his future plans．  (B)

A．distinct     B．specific    C．relevant D．individual

4．Young  he was，he was equal to the task．     (A)

A．a(chǎn)s     B．if    C．a(chǎn)lthough D．unless

5．You should read this novel．It is  recommended by all critics． (B)

A．fairlyB．high1yC．mainly D．strictly

6．It's a great place to live in，except for the increasing volume of    that passes under my window every day．     (B)

     A．a(chǎn)ctivityB．trafficC．movementD．circulation

7．He shouldto what he's good at，and not try and do something he knows nothing about．    (C)

A．1ook   B．1ead   C．stick   D．point

8．We take this opportunity to express our sincereof your help．   (D)

A．explanation   B．obligation   C．demonstration  D．a(chǎn)ppreciation

    9．I don't know if the story is true，but I'll try toit．(C)

A．modify B．simplify    C．verify   D．specify

    10．The old man spokelength about his experiences in Africa．   (A)

A．a(chǎn)t     B．in     C．from    D．to

Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points，1 point each)

    閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中選出能填入文中相應(yīng)數(shù)字空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

    Scientists are learning more and more about the link between your mind and your health．Stress and depression have been shown to give rise to illness and disease．  11  ，if you feel good about yourself and have a 12   attitude，and maintain an active involvement in life，you're more likely to be happy - and  13  ．

    Many things  l 4  your emotional state．But at the heart of it is how you regard yourself．If you have a healthy level of self-esteem，you not only cope with life's challenges better than people  l5  low self-esteem，but you're probably more content，  16  ，and successful．You're probably also healthier．

    Most people's sense of worth is deeply rooted in their childhood - in the early approval or disapproval of parents and friends． 17 ，as we get older，most of us judge ourselves  l8  0ur sense of how effectively we're managing in the world，especially in the areas of love and work．Our  l9 to love and be loved can give our lives a sense of purpose．We can also find  20  in work – related accomplishments，and the people we meet and work with can reinforce our sense of self and our role in life．

11．A．In addition   B．In contrast   C．In reality    D．In general  (B)

   12．A．positive     B．common     C．criticalD．personal   (A)

 13．A．respectable  B．energetic     C．lovely D．healthy   (D)

   14．A．explain     B．maintainC．influence    D．simulate   (C)

   15．A．a(chǎn)t   B．with   C．for    D．upon(B)

   16．A．confident   B．dependent    C．sensitiveD．emotional  (A)

   17．A．Therefore   B．Likewise     C．Instead D．However  (D)

   18．A．on   B．by    C．of     D．in  (B)

 19．A．a(chǎn)bilityB．dream C．goal    D．intention  (A)

   20．A．proof B．interestC．pride    D．truth     (C)

Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension(30 points，2 points each)

    閱讀下列短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage．

If you start each day desperately wishing for all extra hour in bed，the following is likely to leave you feeling even more bad-tempered．Scientists have identified a“sleepless elite” - a small group of people for whom staying in bed longer is a waste of time．

    Rather than being tired and bad-tempered losers，they are an energetic，outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get by on just four or five hours of sleep a night．And，they tend to be slim，able to hold down two jobs at the same time，and handle their extra-long days easily without needing coffee or catnaps(小睡)．

    Working out how the gene (基因) cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drugs that give US all a few extra hours in our day．The bad news is that while many of us get by on a few hours’ sleep a night，just one to three people in l00 qualify to be part of the sleepless elite．

  The research team is now calling for members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied．Harvard University researcher Dr．Christopher Jones said：“My long-term goal is to learn enough someday so we can control the sleep mechanism without damaging our health．Everybody can use more waking hours，even if you just watch movies．”

    Many of those who have already volunteered share fascinating characteristics．They are cheerful，thinner than average，and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological setbacks．

    Dr．Christopher Jones told the New York Times：“Typically，at the end of a long phone interview，they will admit they have been sending short text messages and surfing the Internet and doing word games at the same time，all on less than six hours of sleep．’’

21．According to the passage，the sleepless elite  ． (C)

     A．perform less well than others    B．regard sleep as a waste of time

     C．a(chǎn)re energetic despite less sleep   D．a(chǎn)re likely to make others angry

  22．Researchers study the sleepless elite to   ．     (B)

     A．develop the mechanism of sleep   B．invent a healthy way to cut sleep

     C．find the impact of sleep on health  D．design drugs for sleepless people

23．The phrase “come forward” (para．4) is closest in meaning to． (D)

     A．decide    B．donate

     C．contribute D．volunteer

    24．According to Dr．Jones，it is typical of the sleepless elite to ．(C)

     A．sleep at least six hours a night    B．watch more movies than others

     C．do more than one thing at a time  D．do word games better than others

    25．The passage is mainly about ．   (D)

     A．a(chǎn) disease which is related to genes

     B．a(chǎn) new drug that cures sleeplessness

     C．recent studies on sleepless patients

     D．people who do well with less sleep

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage．

There are a couple of things to know about the use of humor in a speech．One thing is to distinguish healthy and unhealthy humor．Unhealthy humor usually has a victim．It is based on differences．Healthy humor is taken from our everyday experiences and is based on the things people have in common．Therefore it unites them．

    Another thing is that when sharing humor with the audience a speaker has to take into account what part of the day it is．The‘'morning'’audience can be tough，because everyone is just getting into work；the“lunch”audience is better，but the best time for sharing humor is dinner-time，because people relax after their working day and are more likely to feel the speaker．

    There are certain rules that are strongly advised to be followed．The primary rule is not to offend anybody by a joke．The jokes are not supposed to relate to the audience but to the speaker himself．When a speaker shares his personal stories he  will be better accepted by the audience．He can kid about his fame，problems，image，etc．However，he does not have to belittle himself or sacrifice his reputation for a laugh．Besides，the jokes and humorous stories that are used by the speaker have to relate directly to the topic of his speech．The speaker is supposed to speak clearly and keep from laughing at his own story or joke while telling it，so that he can make it clear and to the point．Finally，once a joke is said it may not be repeated once more．So the speaker must not repeat a joke that fails or one that works．

  And，remember these tips always work：personal jokes，short remarks that go well with the speech，good choice of vivid words and appropriate body gestures．

26．Healthy humor differs from unhealthy humor in that it is．     (B)

     A．intended to enrich one’s experiences

     B．1inked to the things that people share

     C．used most frequently to unite victims

     D．based mostly on the differences in life

27．The writer thinks that a joke works best with an audience who is．(A)

     A．relaxed    B．tough

     C．hungry    D．busy

28．To connect closely with the audience，the speaker is advised to． (B)

    A．repeat a good joke  B．joke about himself

    C．1augh at his stories  D．improve his image

29．According to paragraph 3，a joke should support．     (D)

    A．the nature of an issue B．the fame of a speaker

    C．the taste of an audience     D．the subject of a speech

30．One of the tips the writer gives for a successful speech is．     (A)

    A．dramatic gestures    B．proper eye contact

    C．vivid expressions    D．good time control

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage．

    Are passwords out-of-date? It is starting to seem like it．Everybody hates them．These days a typical Internet user has dozens of online accounts．If you really want to be safe，you need to generate a different password for each one，and each password needs to be extremely complicated，with a mix of letters，symbols，and numbers．Who can keep all that stuff in their head?

    Most people do not bother．Some just create one password and use it everywhere．Others might have a few passwords - one for all their banking and financial stuff, one for their social networks，one for email accounts．Problem is that if one site gets hacked，the bad guys now have the password you use elsewhere．These attacks are happening so frequently these days that you might as well assume there is no way to keep a password secret．

    Computer scientists realize the system is broken，and they are looking for alternatives．But most attempts have not been very good．Fingerprint readers require special hardware，and many people find them scary and don’t want to use them．Smart cards can be lost or stolen．Scientists have tried all sorts of other approaches，but they end up back with passwords．They are the least worst in a series of bad choices．

    Markus Jakobsson，a researcher in computer science，has produced  something he calls “fastwords．”Instead of inventing a password，you join three  simple words that come from a thought known only to you．If one day you were driving to work and ran over a frog that ended up flat，you might choose “frog work flat．”You call enter the three words in any order，and the system still knows that you are you．If your mind goes totally blank，the fastwords system will tell you one of the three words，which should enable you to remember the original thought and thus the three keywords．

    The fastwords system represents a step in the fight direction，but it is not the promised land．Someone，somehow, needs to come up with something radically different - and radically better - than what we have today．

31．Today people find passwords．  (C)

A．difficult to create B．easy to figure out

C．hard to remember D．a(chǎn)pt to be replaced

 32．We learn from paragraph 2 that many people use passwords·   (A)

A．without due caution     B．in a rational manner

C．with frequent changes   D．in simple combinations

    33．Compared with passwords，other alternatives are even more． (C)

A．complex  B．confusing

C．troublesome     D．expensive

34．One unique advantage of fastwords is that they can be used．  (D)

     A．with greater speed B．with more certainty

     C．with greater securityD．with more flexibility

35．The writer seems to think that fastwords．     (A)

A．offer a hopeful inspiration    B．a(chǎn)re as simple as passwords

C．offer a decisive resolution    D．a(chǎn)re as safe as passwords

PART  TWO  (50 POINTS)

Ⅳ. Word Spelling(10 points，1 point for two words)

    根據(jù)已給的中文詞義、詞性、首字母及字母數(shù)目拼寫出相應(yīng)的英語單詞。將完整的單詞寫在答題卷上。

36．不同的    a．  various   37．肌肉n．  muscle   

38．傳統(tǒng)n．  tradition 39．幸運(yùn)地    ad.  fortunately

40．影響vt． affect    41．邊緣n．  edge

42．懷疑的    a．  doubtful  43．減少vt.  reduce    

44．集合vt． assemble  45．逐步的    a．  gradual   

46．可行的    a．  feasible  47．污染n．  pollution

48．方便的    a．  convenient49．拉長v．  stretch   

50．維生素    n．  vitamin   51．經(jīng)受vt.  withstand

52．五十    num.   fifty     53．財(cái)政n.   finance   

54．發(fā)源     vi．  originate 55．兩倍     ad.   twice     

V. Word Form(10 points．1 point each)

    將括號中的各詞變換形式后填入句中空白處，使句子語法正確、意義恰當(dāng)。答案寫在答題卷上。

56．A war can   endanger  (danger) millions of lives．

57．We should know our strength as well as our   weakness   (weak)．

58．Due to circumstances beyond our control，the  fulfillment  (fulfill)of the    contract will be delayed by several weeks．

59．Organizing some challenging outdoor activities can help your employees sharpen (sharp) their abilities．

60．My teacher gave me a letter of   reference (refer)when I applied for the job．

61．She made a favorable    impression   (impress) on me when I first met her．

62．They viewed these plans as an attempt to take a  profitable  (profit)market from Britain．

63．There are many sales in the U．S．，during which time stores will  lower  (low) their normal prices．

64．He  respectfully  (respect)moved his hat when he entered the building．

65．There are no tickets left for this evening's   performance  (perform)．

Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points，3 points each)

    將下列各句譯成英語。答案寫在答題卷上。

66．這所學(xué)校向?qū)W生免費(fèi)提供課本。

This schoo1 provides free textbooks for the students.

67．隨著年齡的增長你會改變想法的。

You’ll change your mind as you grow older．

68．他們正在討論如何實(shí)施這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。

They are discussing how to put the plan into effect．

69．她已表明自己在這些問題上的立場。

She has defined her position on the issues．

70．這對雙胞胎長得太像了，很難分清他們。

The twins are so much alike that it is hard to distinguish them．

VIl．Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)

    將下面短文譯成漢語。答案寫在答題卷上。

71．

Too much importance must not be attached to the wrong acts done by children，particularly if they happen to be of a minor nature．Many children are likely to be in the habit of stealing，neglecting studies，or using bad language．In nearly every case，the root cause of the trouble is the fact that proper care of the child is not taken in the house．But if the parents are wise，they would correct their children’s faults by paying more attention to them．Whatever the case，one thing should never be done．They should not be compelled to change for the better under fear of the rod Physical punishment does not improve them．It only makes them worse than before.

對孩子犯的錯不必太在意，尤其是那些不足掛齒的小錯。許多孩子或許會養(yǎng)成小偷小摸、不思學(xué)業(yè)、講粗話等不良習(xí)慣。幾乎無一例外，問題的根源都在于他們在家中未得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)愛。只要家長足夠明智，給予子女更多的關(guān)注，便能糾正他們的錯誤。但有一件事卻無論如何也不能做——絕不能以棍棒相逼，陷孩子于恐懼之中。體罰非但不會使孩子改正，反而會讓他們變得比以前更糟。

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