湖南學(xué)位英語復(fù)習(xí)資料:閱讀理解解題技巧（3）

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        年代與數(shù)字也是一個常見考點。對于按時間順序組織的文章而言，尤其如此。讀文章時最好能圈劃出有關(guān)年代與數(shù)字，以免做題時浪費查找時間。這個考點有以下幾種出題方式。

        1.直接問時間與數(shù)字。根據(jù)題干或選項中的關(guān)鍵詞和速讀原文時留下的印象，回到原文定位，對原文進行同義表達的為答案;

        2.涉及文字表達的數(shù)字;

        3.涉及簡單計算。數(shù)字之間形成參照或?qū)Ρ葧r，與簡單的四則運算題相聯(lián)系。不管考點以何種形式出現(xiàn)，只要題干問年代與數(shù)字，答案就對應(yīng)于文章中的年代與數(shù)字。

        例1

        Normally a student must attend a certain number oi" courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit（學(xué)分）which he may count to- wards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester（學(xué)期）. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.

        For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, andthe record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this impo- ses a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually per- formed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does in- volve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of au- thority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.

        Normally a student would at least attend classes each week.

        A. 36

        B. 12

        C. 20

        D. 15

        本題問的是學(xué)生每周至少要聽幾節(jié)課，涉及簡單的乘法運算。本文第一段第二句和第三句提到，美國許多大學(xué)攻讀學(xué)位共要修36門課，每門課上一學(xué)期，每周3節(jié)，一學(xué)期可修4至5門，那么學(xué)生每周有12～15節(jié)課。但本題問的是，學(xué)生每周至少(atleast…each week)要聽幾節(jié)課，所以取較小值，那么B為正確答案。

        例2

        The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first trans- continental system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pa- cific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the unio Pacific employed crews of Irish labourers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.

        The construction of the transcontinental railroad took

        A. 9 years

        B. 7 years

        C. 4 years

        D. 3 years

        這是一道有關(guān)年代考點的細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二句：美國國會1862年授權(quán)兩家鐵路公司建設(shè)橫貫美國東西兩岸的鐵路，實際修建時間為l866年（國會授權(quán)后4年開始修建：第四句），于l869年在Utah州的Promontory（第七句）相會。因此1869―1866―3years，那么D項為正確答案。一些考生由于不細心，未看清實際施工的時間應(yīng)為1866年，而將其誤為1862年，所以錯選了B項。

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