2006年10月自考本科00015英語（二）歷年真題及答案

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全國2006年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試

英語（二）試卷及答案

（課程代碼：00015）

第一部分  選擇題
I. Vocabulary and Structure
1. The fixed star was       a planet.
     A. made of      B. made from      C. made up for  D. mistaken for
2. Some students       from asking questions in class.
      A. shy away      B. blow away      C. do away      D. carry away
3. Mrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to       her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.
      A. trust      B. credit      C. convince      D. believe
4. Let's       personal feelings in making judgment.
      A. set off      B. set aside      C. set back      D. set up
5. A good worker in a key spot could,       he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way.
      A. as long as      B. as though      C. as soon as   D. as if
6.       the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.
      A. Though      B. For      C. Since      D. So
7. Decision makers must have some way of determining       of several alternatives is best.
      A. that      B. it      C. one      D. which
8. In August 1977, a satellite       to gather data about the 10 million black holes which are thought to be in the Milky Way.
      A. launched      B. was launched      C. has been launched           D. is launched
9. In studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce       .
      A. live      B. alive      C. lively      D. living
10. It is essential that everything       in advance.
      A. should decide      B. be decided      C. decided      D. will be decided.
II. Cloze Test
The money and the time we spend on pets is simply not our own to spend as we like in a time of widespread want and starvation. A   11    organization advertises that for $33 a month they can give hospital care to a child suffering from kwashiorkor-the severe deficiency disease      12  is simply a starving for protein. Doing   13    such a pet, and then sending the money saved to a relief organization would mean   14    a life-over the years, several human lives.
Children not    15   from such a grave disease could be fed with half that amount-not on a diet like ours, but on plain, basic, life-sustaining food. It is not unreasonable to believe   16    the amount of money we spend on the average pet dog could keep a child    17   in a region of great poverty.    18   what we would spend on a cat might not feed a child, but it   19    probably pay for his medical care or basic education. The point needs no   20   . That is all that need be said.
11. A. relied      B. fund      C. domestic      D. medical
12. A. why      B. when      C. where      D. which
13. A. with      B. for      C. against      D. without
14. A. to save      B. saving      C. save      D. saved
15. A. recovering      B. having      C. suffering      D. infecting
16. A. which      B. what      C. that      D. where
17. A. alive      B. life      C. live      D. survive
18. A. Giving      B. To give      C. Given      D. Give
19. A. would      B. should      C. must      D. need
20. A. doing      B. operating      C. laboring      D. functioning
III. Reading Comprehension
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?" "When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "Why didn't I realize that Paul was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make up feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. If we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You're a lucky dog." Is he really on your side? If he says, "You're a lucky boy" or "You're a lucky girl", that's being friendly. But there's a bit of envy in "lucky dog." Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with the tone of voice? His gesture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think.
The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you many save another mistake.
21. According to the writer, when people look back it is too late, because       .
      A. mistakes have already been made      B. mistakes can made them feel bad
      C. they are unaware of their mistakes      D. they are doubtful of their friends
22. People make mistakes when they fail to      
      A. deal with others with due friendliness      B. hide their true feelings in what they say
      C. realize they deserve what they have got  D. see the real meaning of what others say
23. Judging from the phrase "just think of all the things you have to be thankful for", it is clear that the speaker actually lacks       .
      A. optimism      B. sympathy      C. motivation      D. courage
24. To be a successful listener, one is advised to      
1.        A.      ask the speaker as many questions as he can
2.        B.      observe the speaker as carefully as possible
3.        C.      listen to the speaker as attentively as he can
4.        D.     challenge the speaker as actively as possible
25. The passage aims to tell readers how to       .
      A. interpret what people say      B. interpret what money means
      C. avoid mistakes about people      D. avoid mistakes about money
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Doctors have long known that eating fish helps protect against heart disease. What they don't know is why fish are beneficial. For years they figured it was a simple question of substitution: folks who replace red meat with fish are naturally cutting down their intake of saturated (飽和的) fat. But a growing body of evidence collected over the past 30 years suggests fish contain healthful elements called omega-3 fatty acids.
Omega-3 fatty acids belong to a group of compounds known as polyunsaturated fats. These fats serve as the raw material for a whole host of essential structures in the body, from brain cells to molecules (分子) that regulate blood pressure.
Since our bodies cannot manufacture their own supply of omega-3s, we have to get them from the food we eat, mostly from fish but also from plant sources like soybeans (大豆).
The American Heart Association has recommended that everyone eat two 85-g servings of fatty fish a week. But the A.H.A's expert panel wasn't ready to declare that taking omega-3 pills will protect your heart. It's just too easy to get more omega-3 than you need from pills, and the panel was worried that an excess could cause serious side effects, such as internal bleeding.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, however, allowed manufactures of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise the fat's benefits-as long as the label does not suggest taking more than two grams per day.
One thing is clear whether you get your omega-3s from pills, oils or fish: they are not cure-alls. You still have to eat a well-balanced diet that's lower in total fat than most Americans currently consume. Otherwise, you're fishing for trouble.
26. Doctors have long been puzzled by       .
      A. why red meat is harmful      B. how beneficial fish are
      C. what makes fish healthful      D. how red meat is replaced
27. We can learn from the passage that       .
A.     human beings get omega-3s from their food
B.     omega-3s are only found in fish and soybeans
C.     omega-3s are the raw material for saturated fats
D.     polyunsaturated fats constitute human molecules
28. The A.H.A. didn't recommend omega-3 pills, because      
A.     it had no knowledge of the safe dose of omega-3
B.     it had no evidence that they can protect the heart
C.     the pills contain too little omega-3 to be helpful
D.     one is likely to get too much omega-3 from the pills
29. The FDA allowed manufacturers of omega-3 pills and fish oils to advertise omega-3's benefits on condition that      
A.     their suggested dose is printed on the label
B.     their suggested dose is within the safety limit
C.     the fat's potential side effects are mentioned
D.     the products contain side effects are mentioned
30. The writer seems to suggest that      
A.     omega-3s can balance one's diet
B.     omega-3s can serve as a supplement
C.     an unbalanced diet is made worse by omega-3s
D.     a well-balanced diet contains enough omega-3s
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
It was a terrible tragedy, six times more deadly than the Titanic (泰坦尼克號(hào)). When the German ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes (魚雷) fired from a Russian submarine (潛水艇) in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people---mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Germany-were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the dicks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into sea as the ship listed and began to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to get aboard. Most people froze immediately. "I'll never forget the screams," says Christa Nutzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and rarely mentioned for more than half a century.
The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary. By unreservedly confessing their country's horrible crimes Germans have managed to win acceptance abroadand make peace with their neighbors. Today's unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they've now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to identify German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.
31. The Wilhelm Gustloff went down because      
A.     it ran into an ice storm
B.     it was hit by another ship
C.     it crashed into a submarine
D.     it was attacked by torpedoes
32. Most passengers on board the Wilhelm Gustloff took the voyage to      
A.     taste the luxury of the ship
B.     seek protection in another place
C.     escape the cold winter back home
D.     enjoy their holidays abroad
33. As the ship began to sink, some passengers      
A.     set the decks on fire as a signal for help
B.     fought fiercely on the decks for lifeboats
C.     jumped into sea and swam to a nearby ship
D.     prevented others from getting on their lifeboats
34. The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy remains a near secret for more than half a century because Germans      
A.     preferred to say nothing about it
B.     were requested to keep silent about it
C.     spared not effort to cover up the story
D.     were denied access to the whole story
35. It can be inferred from the passage that Germans no longer think that      
A.     it is too early to claim responsibility for the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy
B.     the German tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation's past
C.     they will be misunderstood if they talk about the German tragedy
D.     Germany is responsible for the horrors it caused during World War II

第二部分 非選擇題
IV. Word Spelling
36. 結(jié)果，成果      n.   37. 分享，股份    n.
38. 愿意的，樂意的  adj.       39. 警告，告誡    v.
40. 表達(dá)，表情      n.   41. 多樣性        n.
42. 預(yù)算            n          43. 衡量，測量    n.
44. 保證，擔(dān)保      v.    45.家庭的，國內(nèi)的 adj.
46. 發(fā)源，發(fā)起      v.    47. 應(yīng)用，用具    n.
48. 激發(fā)，作為….的動(dòng)機(jī)  v.      49. 可行的，可能的 adj.  
50. 欣賞，感激      n.      51. 戰(zhàn)略，策略    n.
52. 精制，使精美   v.      53. 面對(duì)，對(duì)抗    v.
54. 一致，相符      v.      55. 最后的，最終的 adj.
V. Word Form
56. Do not let this       (say) of you. It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job.
57. The theory of black holes in space       (accept) by many serious scientists and astronomers.
58. If you had been in better health, we       (allow) you to join them in the work.
59. Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not       (ignore).
60. I would rather you       (come) tomorrow.
61. One hundred miles       (be) too far to travel on foot.
62. Robots,       (become) increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.
63. Every boy and girl       (treat) in the same way.
64. He took his umbrella with him lest it       (rain).
65. Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research       (do) in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects.

VI. Translation from Chinese into English
66. 他孤注一擲用自己的積蓄開了一家小商店。
67. 時(shí)差反應(yīng)是每個(gè)國際旅行者可能遇到的問題。
68. 有人提出管理過程就是決策過程。
69. 每個(gè)人都是平等的，不管他是總統(tǒng)還是馬路清潔工。
70. 不用說，我們現(xiàn)在已不是生活在傳統(tǒng)時(shí)期。

VII. Translation from English into Chinese
71. Between labor and play stands work. A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do; what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job; a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer. Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure. To a worker, leisure means simply the hour he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much; workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays. To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.

2006年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試

英語（二）答案

（課程代碼：00015）

I. Vocabulary and Structure
1. D   2. A    3. C    4. B    5. A    6. C    7. D   8. B   9. A   10. B
II. Cloze Test
11. A   12. D    13. D   14. B   15. C   16. C    17. A   18. B   19. A   20. C
III. Reading Comprehension
21. A   22. D    23. B   24.B    25. C    26. C   27. A    28. D   29. B   30. B
31. D   32. B    33. D   34. A    35. C
IV. Word Spelling
36. result   37. share   38. willing   39. warn   40.expression  
41. diversity   42. budget
43. measurement  44. ensure   45. domestic   46. originate   47. appliance   48. motivate
49. feasible     50. appreciation   51. strategy   52. refine   53. confront    54. coincide
55. ultimate
V. Word Form
56. be said    57. is accepted   58. would have allowed  59. be ignored  60. came  61. is
62. becoming  63. is treated    64. should rain    65. to be done
VI. Translation from Chinese into English
66. He gambled his savings to start a small shop.
67. The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across.
68. Some suggest that the management process is decision making.
69. Every person is equal be president or a street cleaner.
70. It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period.
VII. Translation from English into Chinese.
71. 勞役和玩樂之間是工作。一個(gè)對(duì)獲得社會(huì)支付的職業(yè)感興趣的人就是工作者；從社會(huì)角度來看必須付出的勞動(dòng)而在個(gè)人來看就是自愿選擇的娛樂。一個(gè)職業(yè)是歸類為勞役還是工作不是看其職業(yè)本身，而是看從事這一職業(yè)的個(gè)人愛好。比如，這個(gè)差異并不是體力勞動(dòng)與腦力勞動(dòng)之間的差異；一個(gè)花匠或皮匠可以是個(gè)工作者，而一個(gè)銀行職員則可能是苦役者。對(duì)此從他對(duì)休閑的態(tài)度就可以看出。對(duì)于工作者來說，休閑只是他為了更有效地工作而放松休息的時(shí)間，因此他花費(fèi)的休閑時(shí)間很可能太少而非太多，他常常死于冠心病或忘記他妻子的生日。而對(duì)于勞役者來說，休閑就是擺脫強(qiáng)制，因此對(duì)他來說自然是勞作時(shí)間越少而玩的時(shí)間越多越好。

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