自考本科：00015英語(yǔ)（二）試卷及答案（1）

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英語(yǔ)（二）復(fù)習(xí)試卷

（課程代碼：00015）

I．Vocabulary and Structure

  從下列各句四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并在答題卷上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

1．Elderly people do not like having their daily   B   upset．

    A．habit    B．routine    C．practice   D．custom

 2．It is better to drive your car at a steady   A   than to stop and start a lot．

    A．rate      B．path    C．race D．wheel

 3．Unexpectedly,she was even   B   the right to attend the meeting．

   A．dismissed    B．denied    C．declined    D．disrupted

 4．A good manager identifies the interests of his employees   C   his own．

   A．to    B．for      C．with     D．between

 5．Everything   A  to the fact that there will be an early summer．

    A.points    B．sees    C．sticks    D．turns

6．Besides the lack of rain，there are   D   reasons why the deserts are spreading．

    A．identical    B．major    C．obvious   D．a(chǎn)dditional

7．The biologist turned down a position in the government   B   a university appointment．

    A．in front of  B．in　favor of  C．in honor of 　　　D．in place of

 8．Scientists will have to come up   B   new methods of increasing the

    world’s energy supply．

    A．to    B．with    C．a(chǎn)gainst D．for

 9．   D   Jane is by no means a happywoman．

    A．As she is rich  B．As is she rich  C．Rich an is she    D．Rich as she is

 l0.   D   I admireDavid as apoet，I do not like him as a man．

    A．If only    B．Only if    C．As much    D．Much as

II．Cloze Test

   下列短文中有十個(gè)空白，每個(gè)空白有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答隨卷上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

    Courage is an essential attribute in learning a foreign language．It takes a lot of courage to speak a foreign language，  11  in front of your friends or to native speakers．And don’t be afraid of making mistakes because that is the  12  we learn．When I learned French at school，the teacher  13  that we speak in complete，grammatical sentences with perfect pronunciation；and  14  ，when I visited France，I didn’t dare say a single word  15  fear that I made a mistake．Nowadays，there are many  16  of English，each with its own construction and accent，and，so long as you can make yourself  17  and can understand what is said to you，you have succeeded in communicating，which is the  18  of any language．I am not suggesting that you should not learn grammar,or that you should 19 the rules of pronunciation．What  I am saying is that you cannot expect to speak fluently or write well  20 you are prepared to make mistakes and to learn from them．

（Ｃ）11．A．but          B．neither        C．either           D．nor

（Ａ）12．A．way          B．end          C．means         D．route

（Ｄ）l 3．A．a(chǎn)greed        B．a(chǎn)llowed       C．intended       D．insisted

（Ｂ）14．A．on any account  B．a(chǎn)s a result      C．by the way      D．in the meantime

（Ｂ）15．A．in            B．for           C．despite        D．without

（Ｄ）16．A．standards      B．systems       C．programmes    D．varieties

（Ｂ）17．A．understand     B．understood     C．understanding   D．to understand

（Ｂ）18．A．process       B．purpose        C．method        D．motivation

（Ｃ）19．A．grasp         B．observe        C．ignore         D．change

（B）20．A．until          B．unless         C．while          D．since

III．Reading Comprehension

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage．

  Karen was 14,depressed and not doing well at school．She had a twin sister who was bright and popular．

    Karen stood in my waiting room，stooped like a question mark，looking unsure of herself．She had lovely red hair,and when she relaxed she had the most beautiful smile．I noticed her long，artistic fingers。

  She told me she hated school．The only subject she liked was art．At the school，her art teacher showed me Karen’s work．It was original and colorful．I asked the teacher to give Karen jobs to do and to praise her often．“We have to build up her self-esteem。”I said．I suggested that Karen’s parents buy her watercolors．“She’s very talented，’’I told them．

  The job of an educational psychologist is often to make adults see the child in a fresh light．Her parents began to appreciate her more and her teachers began to believe in her．And Karen started to believe in herself．

  It can be difficult to have a gified child．It requires time，dedication and constant support to ensure that the child’s talents flourish。

    I know this from experience．At seven，my daughter Sally Was an outstanding gymnast．As a teenager,she became a member of the British gymnastics team and was trained in Moscow．Her talent meant she had to train six days a week and compete all over the country．We had to make sure her success didn’t put our other two children in the shade，while giving her constant practical and emotional support．While training in Russia，Sally was told that her fingers Were wrong．It took us weeks to reassure her that her fingers were perfect．

At a party,I talked to the mother of a champion swimmer,Her daughter had to get up very early to train at the local pool．“Would you do it all again?’’I asked the woman．“1 wouldn’t，”she said．“My daughter would．ThaI’s what counts．”  

Talented children can be a challenge．They can also fill us with a sense of wonder,widen our boundaries，shake up our world．They give us a taste of genius．They deserve only our best concern．

21．What Karen lacked was   B   ．    

  A．intelligence  B．confidence    C．motivation    D．originality

22．Karen hated school because she   B   .

  A．didn’t 1ike to study       B．couldn’t see her own talent

  C．a(chǎn)lways failed in her study    D．only wanted to be a painter

23．The author of the passage is most probably   A   .

A．fin educational psychologist    B．a(chǎn) school teacher

C．a(chǎn) social worker              D．a(chǎn) schoolmaster

24．The author finds it difficult to   C   .

    A．help Sally widen her boundaries

    B．communicate with Sally’s Russian instructor

    C．support Sally without neglecting her other children

    D．take care of three gifted children at the same time

25．It can be inferred from the passage that.guided properly,Keren would   D   .

    A．love her twin sister            B．catch up with other students

    C．become an outstanding gymnast  D．develop into an artist

PassageTwo

Questlons 26 to 30 are based on the following passage·

The amount of time kids spend online is a source of frustration for many parents．Initially,parents welcomed the Internet into their homes，believing they were opening up an exciting new world of educational opportunities for their children．However,many parents soon realized that，instead of using the Internet for homework or research．their kids were spending hours exchanging messages  with friends，playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms．

Maintaining a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents．The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult．The engaging nature of Internet communications and interactive games means many children and teens have trouble keeping track of time when they’re online．

  Unfortunately,parents and teachers are usually not aware that there is a problem until it becomes serious,This is because it is easy to hide what you are doing online and because Internet addiction is not widely recognized by the medical community．And mental health practitioners continue to debate whether this behavior is an“addiction，’’with some identifying it as“compulsive behavior．”

   Children and young people can easily become hooked on online activities such as multi。user games，instant messaging and chat rooms．The most vulnerable children，according to the Computer-Addiction Services at Harvard Medical School，are those who are“lonely and bored or from families where nobody is at home to relate to after school．’’

  Children who are unpopular or shy with peers are often attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities．Boys，in particular,are fiequent users of online role-playing games，where they assume new identities and interact with other players．Although playing these games with other users may appear to be a social activity,for the introverted（內(nèi)向的）child or teen，excessive playing can further isolate them from friends and peers．

26．Parents feel frustrated at   D   online．

    A.the research children do        B．the games children play

    C．the new world kids experience  D．the time children consume

27．It has always been a challenge for parents to   C   .

    A．provide educational opportunities for their kids

    B．stop their kids from talking to strangers online

    C.have their children properly use the Internet

    D．communicate with their children on the Internet

28．The word“addiction”in Paragraph 3 most probably means   B   ．

    A．a(chǎn) great challenge for parents    B．a(chǎn) strong desire to do something

    C．a(chǎn) healthy balance of one’s mind  D．a(chǎn)n exciting role-playing game

29．According to Paragraph 5，when some children play too much online role-playing games，they may become   C   ．

A．emotional    B．fragile    C．isolated    D．sociable

30．The author’s attitude towards the Internet can be best described as   A   ．

    A．negative    B．positive    C．neutral   D．unclear

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage．

American scientists have found that some birds are more intelligent than　believed．They say birds have abilities that involve communication and different kinds of memory．In some unusual cases，their abilities seem better than those of　humans．

The findings were presented at the annual conference of the American Assooiation for the Advancement of Science（AAAS）．The scientists met for six days last month in Boston，Massachusetts．

Irene Pepperberg presented her research about a grey parrot named Griffin．He lives in her laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge．Pepperberg says Griffin can arrange objects in order of size．The talking bird also call combine words in the right order．For example，He will combine words when asking for food．The researcher says that only humans and other mammals with large brains used to be considered to have the ability to combine objects and words．She believes that birds are able to understand that complex tasks must be done in the correct order．Some birds have other memory skills．For example，they collect and store thousands of seeds in autumn，and find them later in winter．

Alan Kamil and Alan Bond of the Unlversity of Nebraska are studying the memories of birds called jays and nutcrackers．Their experiments suggest that these birds use natural objects to find the seeds they have stored．They found thesebirds use at least three objects，such as rocks or trees，to find the stored seeds．Kamil also trained a jay to choose one object instead of another．The bird used this skill to receive a prize，such as food．Scientists say some birds can learn as many as two thousand different songs．They say songs may have developed as a way for birds to communicate with other birds．

Vemer Bingman of Bowling Green State University in Ohio also presented　his research at the science conference in Boston．Bingrnan believes that birds must　have a special guidance system in their brain。He says that understanding how a　bird’s brain operates may help us better understand the way a human brain processes information．

31．The word “he” in Paragraph 3 refers to   C   ．

  A．someone who 1ives in the laboratory     B．Irene Pepperberg，the scientist

  C．Griffin，the grey parrot                D．the Massachusers Institute of Technology

32．The evidence Irene Pepperberg gave shows that   B   ．

    A．birds have a very good memory

    B．birds may have the ability to understand

    C．birds can communicate with each other

    D．birds can learn to store food for winter use

 33．The experiments at the University of Nebraska proved that birds   D   ．

    A．have the ability to understand complex tasks

    B．can be trained to win prizes

    C．1earn songs to communicate with others

    D．have sonle memory skills

34．In Bingman’s opinion，the study of birds’brain helps people to   B   ．

    A．interpret human behavior    B．understand human brains

    C．improve human memory skills D．observe birds’behavior

35．the scientific findings presented at the AAAS conference are related to birds’abilities

 to   C   ．

    A．sing songs，use tools and find directions

    B．remember,choose food and find directions

    C．understand，remember,and find directions

    D．remember,communicate mid process information

PART TWO  （50 POINTS）

IV,Word Spelling  

    將下列漢語(yǔ)單詞譯成英語(yǔ)。每個(gè)單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。請(qǐng)將完整的單詞寫(xiě)在答題卷上。

36．古代的，古老的α．a(chǎn)  ancient         37．生涯，經(jīng)歷n．c   career  

38．損傷，毀壞v．d  damage             39．特別，尤其ad．e  especially

40．漸漸的，逐步的α．g  gradual         41．車(chē)庫(kù)n．g  garage

42．誠(chéng)實(shí)地，正直地ad．h  honestly        43．保險(xiǎn)，保險(xiǎn)金n．i  insurance  

44．汁，液n．j   juice                   45．商人n．m   merchant  

46．談；協(xié)商 v．n  negotiate              47．發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)v．o  occur

48．停止，放棄v．q   quit               49．包圍，環(huán)繞v．s  surround

50．薪金，薪水n．s  salary               51．治療，對(duì)待n．t  treatment

52．技術(shù)，技巧n．t  technique            53．美德n．v  virtue  

54．值得（做）的α．w  worthwhile       55．屈服，服從v．y  yield

V·Word Form

    將括號(hào)中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?。答案?xiě)在答題卷上。

56．I'm pleased to have you become （become）a member of our group．

57．The boy looked at me，eyes wide open，and full 0f  curiosity （curious）。

58．We can’t endure watching （watch）all the violence shown on television．

59．Even if it  were （be）difficult，I should try to accomplish it．

60．It is his greatest expectation （expect）that all of his children will go to college．

6l．He is easy and unreserved among acquaintance，and has a most agreeable （agree）style of conversation．

62．The young man felt thoroughly lost in the crowded （crowd）streets of London，

63．The goal  of the course is to enrich （rich）our understanding of other cultures．

64．It is the second time that she  has been praised    （praise）by the manager this year.

65．David watched her car until it disappeared （appear）from view．

Vl·Translation from Chinese into English（15 points，3 points each）

    將下列各句譯成英語(yǔ)并將答案寫(xiě)在答題卷上。

66．如果想省錢(qián)，你就不要買(mǎi)那塊昂貴的表。

譯：If you want to save money,you should not buy that expensive watch．

67．那篇小說(shuō)是她創(chuàng)作時(shí)心情的真實(shí)反映。

譯：The novel is a／the genuine reflection of her mood at fhe time she wrote it．

68．應(yīng)歌迷要求，年輕歌手又唱了一首民歌。

譯：The young singer sang one more foIk song at the request of his fans．

69．一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為需要有更多的數(shù)據(jù)才能證明這一事實(shí)。

譯：Some scientists consider／believe that more data is needed to prove the fact．

70．我們都被大自然的美深深地打動(dòng)了。

譯：We were greatly stirred／deeply impressed by the natural beauty．

VII．Translation from EngIish into Chinese Os points）

    將下列短文譯成漢語(yǔ)并將答案寫(xiě)在答題卷上。

71．Every culture has its own ideal of behavior,and the United States is no exception·There，children are encouraged to be open and direct．Americans think that openness is a sign of honesty,and they are suspicious of silence and reserve．They feel that you must be hiding something if you do not speak out．They feel threatened by silence，which they do not trust or understand．Many other cultures．however,do not value openness and directness highly,In fact，they discourage these qualities because,to them，openness and directness seem rude and childish．They do not signify adult behavior in their eyes．It is not surprising then，that many cross cultufal misund erstandings have developed around openness and directness．

譯：每一種文化都有其自身的行為典范，美國(guó)也不例外。在美國(guó)，人們鼓勵(lì)孩子坦誠(chéng)、直率。美國(guó)人認(rèn)為坦誠(chéng)是誠(chéng)實(shí)的標(biāo)志，而對(duì)寡言謹(jǐn)慎心存聚慮。如果你不坦率直言，他們會(huì)以為你在藏著掖著什么。寡言少語(yǔ)會(huì)使他們感到不安，對(duì)此他們既不相信，也不理解。然而，許多其他文化對(duì)坦誠(chéng)、直率并不推崇。事實(shí)上，他們?cè)诙笾七@些品質(zhì)，因?yàn)閷?duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，坦誠(chéng)、直率似乎是粗魯、幼稚的。在他們眼里，這些并非是成人行為的特征。因此，關(guān)于坦誠(chéng)、直率，產(chǎn)生了許多跨文化的誤解，也就不足為奇了。

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